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A Jurassic lamia squid - like puppet used supersuckers to nobble prey out of the water column and shut up it in place with a watertight seal , 3D imaging of several fossils reveals .
For the first time , scientists used advanced 3D imaging techniques to examine in great detail the prey - nobble suckers ofVampyronassa rhodanica , an extinct congeneric of the modernistic vampire squid ( Vampyroteuthis infernalis ) . The depth psychology revealed never - before - see features of the animal ’s inner anatomy , scientist reported Thursday ( June 23 ) in the journalScientific Reports .
This Jurassic cephalopod had rows of muscular suckers that it used to capture prey.
" For the first fourth dimension , we can show that there was a combining of anatomical type inV. rhodanicanot seen today , " first source Alison Rowe , a doctoral pupil at the Palaeontology Research Center in Paris ( CR2P ) , a lab backed by Sorbonne University , the French National Centre for Scientific Research and the National Museum of Natural History in Paris , tell Live Science in an electronic mail .
The three fossils featured in the report were originally excavate from La Voulte - sur - Rhône Lagerstätte , an prodigious fossil site locate in the Ardèche region of southeastern France . The web site is about 164 million class one-time , meaning it dates to the middle of the Jurassic stop ( 201.3 million to 145.5 million old age ago ) , and it contains a trove of dissimilar fossilized marine organisms .
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The fossils used in the study included exceptionally preserved soft tissue structures.
" The La Voulte - sur - Rhône Lagerstätte in France is really special , as it preserves specimen in 3D , " Rowe enounce . That ’s because , rather than rotting away , the flesh was replaced with iron - rich minerals over time . It ’s unusual to observe fossilized cephalopods with any remnants of soft tissue , and when you do , they tend to be crush flat , Rowe said . In this room , the 3DV . rhodanicafossils from La Voulte - sur - Rhône are a rarified breakthrough .
Scientists first examined the fossils back in 2002 , when they determine that the animals belonged to a previously unknown metal money , allot to a news report published in the journalAnnales de Paléontologie . In that reputation , the researchers described a small , octopus - corresponding creature with eight branch as well as all-day sucker and spiky appendages called cirri . At that clip , it was clear that each arm bear one rowing of sucker flanked by cirri on both sides . But the exact complex body part of these features was unmanageable to recognise , and the internal build ofV. rhodanicaremained inscrutable .
" I hazard a earthy comparison would be if you ’re used to looking at skeletal frame , and you dead have a mummy — it pay you a gross ton of supererogatory particular , but looking at the surface of it is n’t going to immediately recite you much about the internal anatomy , " suppose Christopher Whalen , a National Science Foundation postdoctoral fellow of palaeontology co - hosted at Yale University and the American Museum of Natural History , who was not involved in the study . In other words , the preserved soft tissue passably obscure the hard structures beneath .
By review the fossils with powerfulX - beam , the study authors provided " improbably utile " penetration into the fauna ' innards , Whalen told Live Science .
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In exceptional , the X - shaft analyses allowed the team to reconstruct the cephalopods ' suckers in gamy resolution , such that they could " nearly dissect " the sucker on - cover , Whalen noted . These suckers are similar in form to those of vampire squid , although they differ in that they ’re larger , more legion and spaced closer together . V. rhodanicaalso carry a slightly different configuration of sucker and cirri on two of its arms , which measure somewhat longer than its other six arms .
Based on this combining of features , andV. rhodanica ’s minute , muscular body , the study authors theorized that the animal belike hunted quarry in the open ocean and used its large suckers and specialised arms to capture and rig its victim .
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" It seems fair to me to say that this animal was predatory , " Whalen said . This prepare the Jurassic cephalopod apart from vampire squid , since the forward-looking animals do n’t hunt and instead feed on flyspeck organisms and bits of organic material that drift down to the rich ocean from shallower stratum of the sea .
Vampire squid use long , sticky structures call filaments to pluck their solid food from the water column , but the authors did n’t find evidence of these filaments inV. rhodanica . It may be that the Jurassic creature rightfully lacked these structures , or it could be that they ’re just missing from the specimen analyse , Whalen said . A lawful lack of filament could suggest thatV. rhodanicais actually more closely related to forward-looking octopuses than to vampire squids , since devilfish also miss filaments — but for now , this is an loose doubtfulness , he said .
Originally published on Live Science .
